Fecal incontinence in children - Symptoms, Causes, Images, and Treatment Options

Diseases

Highlights & Basics

Key Highlights

Fecal incontinence in children is defined as involuntary defecation at inappropriate times, occurring after the typical age of completed toilet training (generally 4 years of age or older).
In most cases, caused by overflow soiling associated with chronic constipation and severe fecal impaction in an otherwise healthy child without underlying anatomical abnormalities.
May have a significant negative impact on the quality of life for the child and the family.
A thorough history and physical examination are the crux of diagnosis. Laboratory and radiological studies may be used on a case-by-case basis to determine the underlying etiology.
The goal of therapy is for patients to pass stool 1 to 3 times per day in the toilet with no episodes of soiling.

Quick Reference

History & Exam
- Key Factors
- Other Factors
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Diagnostics Tests
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Treatment Options
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Definition

Epidemiology

Etiology

Pathophysiology

Images

Abdominal radiograph showing severe stool retention in child with fecal soiling

Citations

Key Articles

Hyams JS, Di Lorenzo C, Saps M, et al. Functional disorders: children and adolescents. Gastroenterology. 2016 May;150(6):1456-68.[Abstract]
Levitt MA, Pena A. Anorectal malformations. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007 Jul 26;2:33.[Abstract][Full Text]
Bongers ME, Tabbers MM, Benninga MA. Functional nonretentive fecal incontinence in children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007 Jan;44(1):5-13.[Abstract][Full Text]
Abrams P, Andersson KE, Apostolidis A, et al. 6th International Consultation on Incontinence. Recommendations of the International Scientific Committee: evaluation and treatment of urinary incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and faecal incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn. 2018 Sep;37(7):2271-2.[Abstract][Full Text]
Tabbers MM, DiLorenzo C, Berger MY, et al. Evaluation and treatment of functional constipation in infants and children: evidence-based recommendations from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2014 Feb;58(2):258-74.[Abstract][Full Text]

Referenced Articles

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