Highlights & Basics
- Cholesteatoma is an accumulation of squamous epithelium and keratin debris that usually involves the middle ear and mastoid.
- Although benign, it may enlarge and invade adjacent bone.
- Often presents with a malodorous ear discharge with associated hearing loss.
- Diagnosis is clinical based on history and otoscopic findings. CT scan of the temporal bone, provides lesion definition and extent.
- Treatment is surgical removal. Adjunctive topical antimicrobial treatment may help reduce acute symptoms preoperatively.
Quick Reference
History & Exam
Key Factors
Other Factors
Diagnostics Tests
Treatment Options
Definition
Epidemiology
Etiology
Pathophysiology
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Citations
Kuo CL, Shiao AS, Yung M, et al. Updates and knowledge gaps in cholesteatoma research. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:854024.[Abstract][Full Text]
Castle JT. Cholesteatoma pearls: practical points and update. Head Neck Pathol. 2018 Sep;12(3):419-29.[Abstract][Full Text]
Isaacson G. Diagnosis of pediatric cholesteatoma. Pediatrics. 2007 Sep;120(3):603-8.[Abstract]
Bhutta MF, Williamson IG, Sudhoff HH. Cholesteatoma. BMJ. 2011 Mar 3;342:d1088.[Abstract]
Ayache D, Darrouzet V, Dubrulle F, et al. Imaging of non-operated cholesteatoma: clinical practice guidelines. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2012 Jun;129(3):148-52.[Abstract]
American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: hearing loss and/or vertigo. 2018 [internet publication].[Full Text]
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