Highlights & Basics
- Chronic spinal cord injury is a term generally used when elements of spinal cord injury have been present for at least 1 year.
- Primary injury results from acute mechanical trauma, compression by a space-occupying lesion, infection, or a vascular insult. The injury may be exacerbated by ischemia or inflammation.
- The aim of diagnosis is to identify patients who have progressive pathology and to thoroughly assess the disability produced by the injury to guide rehabilitation.
- Common problems associated with chronic spinal cord injury include bladder and/or bowel dysfunction, pain (neurogenic and musculoskeletal), gait disturbances, soft-tissue contractures, sexual dysfunction, cardiovascular dysautonomia (including autonomic dysreflexia), and development and/or progression of long-term neurologic complications such as syringomyelia and spinal or foraminal stenosis.
- Management involves intensive rehabilitation to optimize mobility and hand function, prevention of complications, bladder and bowel management, and analgesia. Surgical decompression may be required for progressive neurologic deficits.
Quick Reference
History & Exam
Key Factors
Other Factors
Diagnostics Tests
Treatment Options
Definition
Epidemiology
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Citations
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