Mesothelioma - Symptoms, Causes, Images, and Treatment Options

Diseases

Highlights & Basics

Key Highlights

Malignant pleural mesothelioma accounts for most malignant mesotheliomas; it is a rare malignancy with an annual incidence of 3200 in the US.
Largely caused by exposure to asbestos, with a 20- to 40-year latency period between exposure and the development of malignancy; the typical patient is in the sixth to ninth decade of life.
Most patients present with shortness of breath and chest pain, which on investigation is often found to be associated with unilateral pleural effusion and pleural thickening.
Despite advances in treatment, malignant pleural mesothelioma remains a highly lethal malignancy with few long-term survivors.
Operable malignant disease should receive trimodal therapy with chemotherapy, surgery, and hemithoracic radiation therapy.

Computed tomography scan of the mediastinum showing a right-sided pleural mesothelioma and left-sided calcified pleural plaque

From the collection of Dr Chris R. Kelsey; used with permission

Quick Reference

History & Exam
- Key Factors
- Other Factors
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Diagnostics Tests
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Definition

Epidemiology

Etiology

Pathophysiology

Images

Chest x-ray demonstrating total left-sided collapse and replacement of hemithorax with mesothelioma; there is reduced expansion on this side
Computed tomography scan of the lung showing a right-sided pleural mesothelioma and left-sided calcified pleural plaque
Computed tomography scan of the mediastinum showing a right-sided pleural mesothelioma and left-sided calcified pleural plaque
Positron emission tomography scan showing hypermetabolic right-sided pleural mesothelioma

Citations

Key Articles

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: mesothelioma: pleural [internet publication].[Full Text]
Woolhouse I, Bishop L, Darlison L, et al. British Thoracic Society guideline for the investigation and management of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Thorax. 2018 Mar;73(suppl 1):i1-30.[Abstract][Full Text]
Popat S, Baas P, Faivre-Finn C, et al. Malignant pleural mesothelioma: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022 Feb;33(2):129-42.[Abstract][Full Text]
Kindler HL, Ismaila N, Armato SG 3rd, et al. Treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2018 May 1;36(13):1343-73.[Abstract][Full Text]

Referenced Articles

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