Guillain-Barre syndrome - Symptoms, Causes, Images, and Treatment Options

Diseases

Highlights & Basics

Key Highlights

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyneuropathy that is classified according to symptoms and divided into axonal and demyelinating forms.
Two-thirds of patients have a history of gastroenteritis or influenza-like illness weeks before onset of neurologic symptoms.
GBS is associated with outbreaks of Zika virus. As with other viral infections, there are occasional reports of GBS associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, although this is very rare.
Approximately 20% to 30% of patients with GBS will develop respiratory muscle weakness requiring ventilation.
Neurophysiology is confirmatory and is abnormal in most patients, even early in the disease.

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Definition

Epidemiology

Etiology

Pathophysiology

Citations

Key Articles

Willison HJ, Jacobs BC, van Doorn PA. Guillain-Barré syndrome. Lancet. 2016 Aug 13;388(10045):717-27.[Abstract][Full Text]
Stowe J, Andrews N, Wise L, et al. Investigation of the temporal association of Guillain-Barré syndrome with influenza vaccine and influenzalike illness using the United Kingdom General Practice Research Database. Am J Epidemiol. 2009 Feb 1;169(3):382-8.[Abstract][Full Text]
Hughes RA, Swan AV, van Doorn PA. Intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillain-Barré syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Sep 19;(9):CD002063.[Abstract][Full Text]
Lawn ND, Fletcher DD, Henderson RD, et al. Anticipating mechanical ventilation in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Arch Neurol. 2001 Jun;58(6):893-8.[Abstract][Full Text]
Hughes RA, Brassington R, Gunn AA, et al. Corticosteroids for Guillain-Barré syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Oct 24;(10):CD001446.[Abstract][Full Text]
Walgaard C, Jacobs BC, Lingsma HF, et al. Second intravenous immunoglobulin dose in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome with poor prognosis (SID-GBS): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Neurol. 2021 Apr;20(4):275-83.[Abstract]

Other Online Resources

CBS/CIPD Foundation: International patient association for GBS

Referenced Articles

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