Highlights & Basics
- Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a common form of vasculitis in people aged 50 years or older. The extracranial branches of the carotid artery are usually affected.
- Irreversible blindness is the most common serious consequence. Aortic aneurysms and large vessel stenoses may occur as a long-term complication.
- Temporal artery biopsy is the definitive test to establish diagnosis.
- Symptoms include new onset of temporal headache, visual disturbances, and jaw or tongue claudication.
- Prednisone is highly effective therapy. Treatment should not be delayed while awaiting biopsy.
Quick Reference
History & Exam
Key Factors
Other Factors
Diagnostics Tests
Treatment Options
Definition
Epidemiology
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Citations
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Maz M, Chung SA, Abril A, et al. 2021 American College of Rheumatology/Vasculitis Foundation guideline for the management of giant cell arteritis and Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 Aug;73(8):1349-65.[Abstract][Full Text]
Dejaco C, Ramiro S, Bond M, et al. EULAR recommendations for the use of imaging in large vessel vasculitis in clinical practice: 2023 update. Ann Rheum Dis. 2023 Aug 7:ard-2023-224543.[Abstract][Full Text]
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