Highlights & Basics
- Cocaine use disorder is a pattern of cocaine use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. Although the majority of people who use cocaine do not have a use disorder, there is an increased risk of developing cocaine use disorder with heavier use and when cocaine is smoked or injected, or when there is a genetic or epigenetic propensity.
- Diagnosis is based on clinical assessment. Further investigations such as urine toxicology, cardiovascular exam, and neurologic exam may be required. Co-occurring medical and psychiatric disorders, as well as other substance use disorders, should be assessed.
- Patients with signs of cocaine intoxication (e.g., loss of consciousness, chest pain, or focal neurologic complaints) will require emergency investigation and treatment.
- Behavioral interventions are the primary evidence-based treatments for cocaine use disorder, and are first-line for all patients.The main approaches include standard or intensive outpatient drug counseling, contingency management, cognitive behavioral therapy, the community reinforcement approach, and motivational interviewing.
- Evidence suggests that pharmacotherapy has limited efficacy in treating cocaine use disorder, but it may be considered on a case-by-case basis, particularly when co-occurring conditions are present.
Quick Reference
History & Exam
Key Factors
Other Factors
Diagnostics Tests
Treatment Options
Definition
Epidemiology
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Citations
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