Cocaine use disorder - Symptoms, Causes, Images, and Treatment Options

Diseases

Highlights & Basics

Key Highlights

Cocaine use disorder is a pattern of cocaine use leading to clinically significant impairment or distress. The majority of people who use cocaine do not have a use disorder. There is an increased risk of developing cocaine use disorder with heavier use and when cocaine is smoked or injected, or when there is a genetic or epigenetic propensity.
Diagnosis is based on clinical assessment. Further investigations such as urine toxicology, cardiovascular exam, and neurologic exam may be required. Comorbid medical and psychiatric illnesses, as well as other substance use disorders, should be assessed.
Patients with signs of cocaine intoxication (e.g., loss of consciousness, chest pain, or focal neurologic complaints) will require emergency investigation and treatment.
Treatment options include drug counseling, contingency management, cognitive behavioral therapy, and motivational interviewing.
Evidence suggests that pharmacotherapy has limited efficacy in treating cocaine use disorder, but it may be considered in certain circumstances.

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Citations

Key Articles

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edition, text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.
Clinical Guideline Committee (CGC) Members, ASAM Team, AAAP Team, et al. The ASAM/AAAP clinical practice guideline on the management of stimulant use disorder. J Addict Med. 2024 May-Jun 01;18(1s suppl 1):1-56.[Abstract][Full Text]
Department of Health and Social Care. Drug misuse and dependence: UK guidelines on clinical management. Dec 2017 [internet publication].[Full Text]
World Health Organization. Guidelines for identification and management of substance use and substance use disorders in pregnancy. Nov 2014 [internet publication].[Full Text]

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Referenced Articles

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