Soft tissue sarcoma - Symptoms, Causes, Images, and Treatment Options

Diseases

Highlights & Basics

Key Highlights

Soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) is a group of rare solid tumors of connective tissue. More than 50 different histologic subtypes are known.
Most commonly it presents as a soft-tissue swelling, which may or may not be painful. Differential diagnoses that should be considered are lymphoma, metastatic carcinoma, and benign lesions such as lipoma and neuroma.
Some sarcomas are associated with specific gene mutations, in particular chromosomal translocations.
Diagnosis is made by biopsy, which should have a sufficient amount of tissue for accurate pathologic diagnosis.
Pathology should be reviewed by an expert pathologist who has experience in sarcoma histology. Diagnostic laboratory methods may include immunohistochemistry, cytogenetics, and molecular genetic testing.

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History & Exam
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Definition

Epidemiology

Etiology

Pathophysiology

Citations

Key Articles

World Health Organization. WHO classification of tumours: soft tissue and bone tumours. 5th ed (Vol 3). Lyon, France: IARC Press; 2020.
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: soft tissue sarcoma [internet publication].[Full Text]
Gronchi A, Miah AB, Dei Tos AP, et al. Soft tissue and visceral sarcomas: ESMO-EURACAN-GENTURIS Clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up*. Ann Oncol. 2021 Nov;32(11):1348-65.[Abstract][Full Text]
Casali PG, Blay JY, Abecassis N, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: ESMO-EURACAN-GENTURIS Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022 Jan;33(1):20-33.[Abstract]
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) [internet publication].[Full Text]

Referenced Articles

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