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Highlights & Basics
- Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospital admission in infants under 1 year of age.
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause.
- Most cases are mild and self-limited, and supportive care is the only indicated therapy.
- Cough may persist for weeks, after 10 to 14 days of acute illness. Some patients may go on to develop recurrent wheeze.
Quick Reference
History & Exam
Key Factors
Other Factors
Diagnostics Tests
Treatment Options
Definition
Epidemiology
Etiology
Pathophysiology
Citations
American Academy of Pediatrics Publications. AAP recommendations for the prevention of RSV disease in infants and children. Jul 2025 [internet publication].[Full Text]
Canadian Paediatric Society. Bronchiolitis: recommendations for diagnosis, monitoring and management of children one to 24 months of age. Nov 2021 [internet publication].[Full Text]
Cunningham S, Rodriguez A, Adams T, et al. Oxygen saturation targets in infants with bronchiolitis (BIDS): a double-blind, randomised, equivalence trial. Lancet. 2015 Sep 12;386(9998):1041-8.[Abstract][Full Text]
Lin J, Zhang Y, Xiong L, et al. High-flow nasal cannula therapy for children with bronchiolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child. 2019 Jun;104(6):564-76.[Abstract]
Farley R, Spurling GK, Eriksson L, et al. Antibiotics for bronchiolitis in children under two years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Oct 9;(10):CD005189.[Abstract][Full Text]
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