Bronchiolitis

1. Willwerth BM, Harper MB, Greenes DS. Identifying hospitalized infants who have bronchiolitis and are at high risk for apnea. Ann Emerg Med. 2006 Oct;48(4):441-7.[Abstract]

2. Schroeder AR, Mansbach JM, Stevenson M, et al. Apnea in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2013 Nov;132(5):e1194-201.[Abstract]

3. Hall CB, Weinberg GA, Blumkin AK, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations among children less than 24 months of age. Pediatrics. 2013;132:e341-8.[Abstract]

4. Fujiogi M, Goto T, Yasunaga H, et al. Trends in bronchiolitis hospitalizations in the United States: 2000-2016. Pediatrics. 2019 Dec;144(6):e20192614.[Abstract][Full Text]

5. Thomas E, Mattila JM, Lehtinen P, et al. Burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection during the first year of life. J Infect Dis. 2021 Mar 3;223(5):811-7.[Abstract][Full Text]

6. Shi T, McAllister DA, O'Brien KL, et al. Global, regional, and national disease burden estimates of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children in 2015: a systematic review and modelling study. Lancet. 2017 Sep 2;390(10098):946-58.[Abstract][Full Text]

7. Obando-Pacheco P, Justicia-Grande AJ, Rivero-Calle I, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus seasonality: a global overview. J Infect Dis. 2018 Apr 11;217(9):1356-64.[Abstract][Full Text]

8. Mansbach JM, Camargo CA Jr. Respiratory viruses in bronchiolitis and their link to recurrent wheezing and asthma. Clin Lab Med. 2009 Dec;29(4):741-55.[Abstract]

9. Jackson DJ, Gangnon RE, Evans MD, et al. Wheezing rhinovirus illnesses in early life predict asthma development in high-risk children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;178:667-72.[Abstract][Full Text]

10. Lukkarinen M, Koistinen A, Turunen R, et al. Rhinovirus-induced first wheezing episode predicts atopic but not nonatopic asthma at school age. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Oct;140(4):988-95.[Abstract]

11. Törmänen S, Lauhkonen E, Riikonen R, et al. Risk factors for asthma after infant bronchiolitis. Allergy. 2018 Apr;73(4):916-22.[Abstract]

12. Midulla F, Nicolai A, Ferrara M, et al. Recurrent wheezing 36 months after bronchiolitis is associated with rhinovirus infections and blood eosinophilia. Acta Paediatr. 2014 Oct;103(10):1094-9.[Abstract]

13. Brandão HV, Vieira GO, Vieira TO, et al. Acute viral bronchiolitis and risk of asthma in schoolchildren: analysis of a Brazilian newborn cohort. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2017 May - Jun;93(3):223-9.[Abstract][Full Text]

14. Kenmoe S, Kengne-Nde C, Ebogo-Belobo JT, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of common respiratory viruses in children <2 years with bronchiolitis in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic era. PLoS One. 2020;15(11):e0242302.[Abstract][Full Text]

15. Miller JM, Binnicker MJ, Campbell S, et al. Guide to utilization of the microbiology laboratory for diagnosis of infectious diseases: 2024 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and the American Society for Microbiology (ASM). Clin Infect Dis. Mar 5 2024 [Epub ahead of print].[Abstract][Full Text]

16. Tripp RA. Pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. Viral Immunol. 2004;17(2):165-81.[Abstract]

17. Martinez FD, Morgan WJ, Wright AL, et al. Diminished lung function as a predisposing factor for wheezing respiratory illness in infants. N Engl J Med. 1988 Oct 27;319(17):1112-7.[Abstract]

18. Turner SW, Young S, Landau LI, et al. Reduced lung function both before bronchiolitis and at 11 years. Arch Dis Child. 2002 Nov;87(5):417-20.[Abstract]

19. Stevenson MD, Mansbach JM, Mowad E, et al. Prenatal versus postnatal tobacco smoke exposure and intensive care use in children hospitalized with bronchiolitis. Acad Pediatr. 2016 Jul;16(5):446-52.[Abstract][Full Text]

20. Lanari M, Vandini S, Adorni F, et al. Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure increases hospitalizations for bronchiolitis in infants. Respir Res. 2015 Dec 22;16:152.[Abstract][Full Text]

21. Jones LL, Hashim A, McKeever T, et al. Parental and household smoking and the increased risk of bronchitis, bronchiolitis and other lower respiratory infections in infancy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Respir Res. 2011 Jan 10;12:5.[Abstract][Full Text]

22. Carugno M, Dentali F, Mathieu G, et al. PM10 exposure is associated with increased hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis among infants in Lombardy, Italy. Environ Res. 2018 Oct;166:452-7.[Abstract]

23. Kim CK, Kim SW, Park CS, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage cytokine profiles in acute asthma and acute bronchiolitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Jul;112(1):64-71.[Abstract]

24. Oh JW, Lee HB, Yum MK, et al. ECP level in nasopharyngeal secretions and serum from children with respiratory virus infections and asthmatic children. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2000 Mar-Apr;21(2):97-100.[Abstract]

25. Legg JP, Hussain IR, Warner JA, et al. Type 1 and type 2 cytokine imbalance in acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003 Sep 15;168(6):633-9.[Abstract][Full Text]

26. Lukacs NW, Tekkanat KK, Berlin A, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus predisposes mice to augmented allergic airway responses via IL-13-mediated mechanisms. J Immunol. 2001 Jul 15;167(2):1060-5.[Abstract][Full Text]

27. Welliver TP, Garofalo RP, Hosakote Y, et al. Severe human lower respiratory tract illness caused by respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus is characterized by the absence of pulmonary cytotoxic lymphocyte responses. J Infect Dis. 2007 Apr 15;195(8):1126-36.[Abstract]

28. Copenhaver CC, Gern JE, Li Z, et al. Cytokine response patterns, exposure to viruses, and respiratory infections in the first year of life. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Jul 15;170(2):175-80.[Abstract]

29. Guerra S, Lohman IC, Halonen M, et al. Reduced interferon gamma production and soluble CD14 levels in early life predict recurrent wheezing by 1 year of age. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004 Jan 1;169(1):70-6.[Abstract]

30. Jozwik A, Habibi MS, Paras A, et al. RSV-specific airway resident memory CD8+ T cells and differential disease severity after experimental human infection. Nat Commun. 2015 Dec 21;6:10224.[Abstract][Full Text]

31. Arruvito L, Raiden S, Geffner J. Host response to respiratory syncytial virus infection. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2015 Jun;28(3):259-66.[Abstract]

32. Hosakote YM, Jantzi PD, Esham DL, et al. Viral-mediated inhibition of antioxidant enzymes contributes to the pathogenesis of severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2011 Jun 1;183(11):1550-60.[Abstract]

33. Pangesti KNA, El Ghany MA, Kesson AM, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus in the Western Pacific Region: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Glob Health. 2019 Dec;9(2):020431.[Abstract][Full Text]

34. Townsi N, Laing IA, Hall GL, et al. The impact of respiratory viruses on lung health after preterm birth. Eur Clin Respir J. 2018 Aug 1;5(1):1487214.[Abstract][Full Text]

35. Friedrich L, Pitrez PM, Stein RT, et al. Growth rate of lung function in healthy preterm infants. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 Dec 15;176(12):1269-73.[Abstract]

36. Allen J, Zwerdling R, Ehrenkranz R, et al. Statement on the care of the child with chronic lung disease of infancy and childhood. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003 Aug 1;168(3):356-96.[Abstract][Full Text]

37. Rice JL, McGrath-Morrow SA, Collaco JM. Indoor air pollution sources and respiratory symptoms in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. J Pediatr. 2020 Jul;222:85-90.e2.[Abstract][Full Text]

38. Fauroux B, Hascoët JM, Jarreau PH, et al. Risk factors for bronchiolitis hospitalization in infants: a French nationwide retrospective cohort study over four consecutive seasons (2009-2013). PLoS One. 2020;15(3):e0229766.[Abstract][Full Text]

39. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RSV in infants and young children. Dec 2020 [internet publication].[Full Text]

40. MacDonald NE, Hall CB, Suffin SC, et al. Respiratory syncytial viral infection in infants with congenital heart disease. N Engl J Med. 1982 Aug 12;307(7):397-400.[Abstract]

41. Navas L, Wang E, de Carvalho V, et al. Improved outcome of respiratory syncytial virus infection in a high-risk hospitalized population of Canadian children. Pediatric Investigators Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada. J Pediatr. 1992 Sep;121(3):348-54.[Abstract]

42. Lehners N, Tabatabai J, Prifert C, et al. Long-term shedding of influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus and nosocomial epidemiology in patients with hematological disorders. PLoS One. 2016 Feb 11;11(2):e0148258.[Abstract][Full Text]

43. Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC, et al; American Academy of Pediatrics. Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2014 Nov;134(5):e1474-502.[Abstract][Full Text]

44. Griffin MP, Yuan Y, Takas T, et al. Single-dose nirsevimab for prevention of RSV in preterm infants. N Engl J Med. 2020 Jul 30;383(5):415-25.[Abstract][Full Text]

45. Hammitt LL, Dagan R, Yuan Y, et al. Nirsevimab for prevention of RSV in healthy late-preterm and term infants. N Engl J Med. 2022 Mar 3;386(9):837-46.[Abstract][Full Text]

46. Øymar K, Skjerven HO, Mikalsen IB. Acute bronchiolitis in infants, a review. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2014 Apr 3;22:23.[Abstract][Full Text]

47. Zorc JJ, Hall CB. Bronchiolitis: recent evidence on diagnosis and management. Pediatrics. 2010 Feb;125(2):342-9.[Abstract]

48. Sarmiento L, Rojas-Soto GE, Rodríguez-Martínez CE. Predictors of inappropriate use of diagnostic tests and management of bronchiolitis. Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:9730696.[Abstract][Full Text]

49. Caballero MT, Polack FP, Stein RT. Viral bronchiolitis in young infants: new perspectives for management and treatment. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2017 Nov - Dec;93(suppl 1):75-83.[Abstract][Full Text]

50. Cavaye D, Roberts DP, Saravanos GL, et al. Evaluation of national guidelines for bronchiolitis: AGREEments and controversies. J Paediatr Child Health. 2019 Jan;55(1):25-31.[Abstract]

51. ​Society of Hospital Medicine - Pediatric Hospital Medicine. Five things physicians and patients should question. Choosing Wisely, an initiative of the ABIM Foundation. 2021 [internet publication].[Full Text]

52. McCulloh R, Koster M, Ralston S, et al. Use of intermittent vs continuous pulse oximetry for nonhypoxemic infants and young children hospitalized for bronchiolitis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Pediatr. 2015 Oct;169(10):898-904.[Abstract][Full Text]

53. Friedman JN, Rieder MJ, Walton JM; Canadian Paediatric Society, Acute Care Committee, Drug Therapy and Hazardous Substances Committee. Bronchiolitis: recommendations for diagnosis, monitoring and management of children one to 24 months of age. Paediatr Child Health. 2014 Nov;19(9):485-98.[Abstract][Full Text]

54. Cunningham S, Rodriguez A, Adams T, et al. Oxygen saturation targets in infants with bronchiolitis (BIDS): a double-blind, randomised, equivalence trial. Lancet. 2015 Sep 12;386(9998):1041-8.[Abstract][Full Text]

55. Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative (PREDICT) Network, Australasia. Australasian bronchiolitis guideline. Jul 2021 [internet publication].[Full Text]

56. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Bronchiolitis in children: diagnosis and management. Aug 2021 [internet publication].[Full Text]

57. Committee on Infectious Diseases, American Academy of Pediatrics. Red Book: 2024-2027 report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases (33rd Edition). Kimberlin DW, Banerjee R, Barnett ED, et al (eds). Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics, 2024.[Full Text]

58. American Academy of Pediatrics - Section on Emergency Medicine and the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians. Five things physicians and patients should question. Choosing Wisely, an initiative of the ABIM Foundation. 2022 [internet publication].​[Full Text]

59. American Society for Clinical Pathology. Thirty five things physicians and patients should question. Choosing Wisely, an initiative of the ABIM Foundation. 2021 [internet publication].​[Full Text]

60. Chao JH, Lin RC, Marneni S, et al. Predictors of airspace disease on chest x-ray in emergency department patients with clinical bronchiolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acad Emerg Med. 2016 Oct;23(10):1107-18.[Abstract][Full Text]

61. Ecochard-Dugelay E, Beliah M, Perreaux F, et al. Clinical predictors of radiographic abnormalities among infants with bronchiolitis in a paediatric emergency department. BMC Pediatr. 2014 Jun 6;14:143.[Abstract][Full Text]

62. Allen JL, Wolfson MR, McDowell K, et al. Thoracoabdominal asynchrony in infants with airflow obstruction. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Feb;141(2):337-42.[Abstract]

63. Schuh S, Freedman S, Coates A, et al. Effect of oximetry on hospitalization in bronchiolitis: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014 Aug 20;312(7):712-8.[Abstract]

64. American Thoracic Society; European Respiratory Society. ATS/ERS statement: raised volume forced expirations in infants: guidelines for current practice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Dec 1;172(11):1463-71.[Abstract][Full Text]

65. Palmer J, Allen J, Mayer O. Tidal breathing analysis. NeoReviews. 2004;5:E186-93.[Full Text]

66. Noël KC, Fontela PS, Winters N, et al. The clinical utility of respiratory viral testing in hospitalized children: a meta-analysis. Hosp Pediatr. 2019 Jul;9(7):483-94.​[Abstract][Full Text]

67. Lin J, Zhang Y, Xiong L, et al. High-flow nasal cannula therapy for children with bronchiolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child. 2019 Jun;104(6):564-76.[Abstract]

68. Moreel L, Proesmans M. High flow nasal cannula as respiratory support in treating infant bronchiolitis: a systematic review. Eur J Pediatr. 2020 May;179(5):711-8.[Abstract]

69. O'Brien S, Craig S, Babl FE, et al. 'Rational use of high-flow therapy in infants with bronchiolitis. What do the latest trials tell us?' A Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative perspective. J Paediatr Child Health. 2019 Jul;55(7):746-52.[Abstract]

70. Franklin D, Babl FE, Schlapbach LJ, et al. A randomized trial of high-flow oxygen therapy in infants with bronchiolitis. N Engl J Med. 2018 Mar 22;378(12):1121-31.[Abstract][Full Text]

71. Jat KR, Mathew JL. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for acute bronchiolitis in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 31;(1):CD010473.[Abstract][Full Text]

72. Combret Y, Prieur G, LE Roux P, et al. Non-invasive ventilation improves respiratory distress in children with acute viral bronchiolitis: a systematic review. Minerva Anestesiol. 2017 Jun;83(6):624-37.[Abstract][Full Text]

73. Hernandez E, Khoshoo V, Thoppil D, et al. Aspiration: a factor in rapidly deteriorating bronchiolitis in previously healthy infants? Pediatr Pulmonol. 2002 Jan;33(1):30-1.[Abstract]

74. Oakley E, Borland M, Neutze J, et al. Nasogastric hydration versus intravenous hydration for infants with bronchiolitis: a randomised trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2013 Apr;1(2):113-20.[Abstract]

75. Valla FV, Baudin F, Demaret P, et al. Nutritional management of young infants presenting with acute bronchiolitis in Belgium, France and Switzerland: survey of current practices and documentary search of national guidelines worldwide. Eur J Pediatr. 2019 Mar;178(3):331-40.[Abstract]

76. American Academy of Pediatrics. Respiratory syncytial virus. In: Kimberlin DW, Banerjee R, Barnett ED, et al, eds. Red Book (2024). Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 33rd ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2024:713-25.[Full Text]

77. Fernandes RM, Bialy LM, Vandermeer B, et al. Glucocorticoids for acute viral bronchiolitis in infants and young children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jun 4;(6):CD004878.[Abstract][Full Text]

78. Alansari K, Sakran M, Davidson BL, et al. Oral dexamethasone for bronchiolitis: a randomized trial. Pediatrics. 2013 Oct;132(4):e810-6.[Abstract]

79. Shein SL, Rotta AT, Speicher R, et al. Corticosteroid therapy during acute bronchiolitis in patients who later develop asthma. Hosp Pediatr. 2017 Jul;7(7):403-9.[Abstract][Full Text]

80. Gadomski AM, Scribani MB. Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Jun 17;(6):CD001266.[Abstract][Full Text]

81. Ralston S, Hill V, Waters A. Occult serious bacterial infection in infants younger than 60 to 90 days with bronchiolitis: a systematic review. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011 Oct;165(10):951-6.[Abstract]

82. Pinto LA, Pitrez PM, Luisi F, et al. Azithromycin therapy in hospitalized infants with acute bronchiolitis is not associated with better clinical outcomes: a randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Pediatr. 2012 Dec;161(6):1104-8.[Abstract]

83. Farley R, Spurling GK, Eriksson L, et al. Antibiotics for bronchiolitis in children under two years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Oct 9;(10):CD005189.[Abstract][Full Text]

84. McDaniel CE, Ralston S, Lucas B, et al. Association of diagnostic criteria with urinary tract infection prevalence in bronchiolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatr. 2019 Mar 1;173(3):269-77.[Abstract][Full Text]

85. Zhang L, Mendoza-Sassi RA, Wainwright CE, et al. Nebulised hypertonic saline solution for acute bronchiolitis in infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Apr 4;4(4):CD006458.[Abstract][Full Text]

86. Brooks CG, Harrison WN, Ralston SL, et al. Association between hypertonic saline and hospital length of stay in acute viral bronchiolitis: a reanalysis of 2 meta-analyses. JAMA Pediatr. 2016 Jun 1;170(6):577-84.[Abstract][Full Text]

87. Heikkilä P, Renko M, Korppi M. Hypertonic saline inhalations in bronchiolitis - a cumulative meta-analysis. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2018 Feb;53(2):233-42.[Abstract]

88. Harrison W, Angoulvant F, House S, et al. Hypertonic saline in bronchiolitis and type I error: a trial sequential analysis. Pediatrics. 2018 Sep;142(3):e20181144.[Abstract][Full Text]

89. Enriquez A, Chu IW, Mellis C, et al. Nebulised deoxyribonuclease for viral bronchiolitis in children younger than 24 months. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Nov 14;(11):CD008395.[Abstract][Full Text]

90. Hartling L, Bialy LM, Vandermeer B, et al. Epinephrine for bronchiolitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jun 15;(6):CD003123.[Abstract][Full Text]

91. Hartling L, Fernandes RM, Bialy L, et al. Steroids and bronchodilators for acute bronchiolitis in the first two years of life: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2011 Apr 6;342:d1714.[Abstract][Full Text]

92. Plint AC, Johnson DW, Patel H, et al. Pediatric Emergency Research Canada (PERC). Epinephrine and dexamethasone in children with bronchiolitis. N Engl J Med. 2009 May 14;360(20):2079-89.[Abstract][Full Text]

93. Roqué i Figuls M, Giné-Garriga M, Granados Rugeles C, et al. Chest physiotherapy for acute bronchiolitis in paediatric patients between 0 and 24 months old. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 1;(2):CD004873.[Abstract][Full Text]

94. Gajdos VK, Katsahian S, Beydon N, et al. Effectiveness of chest physiotherapy in infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. PLoS Med. 2010 Sep 28;7(9):e1000345.[Abstract][Full Text]

95. Gomes GR, Donadio MVF. Effects of the use of respiratory physiotherapy in children admitted with acute viral bronchiolitis. Arch Pediatr. 2018 Aug;25(6):394-8.[Abstract]

96. Zhao S, Shang Y, Yin Y, et al. Ziresovir in hospitalized infants with respiratory syncytial virus infection. N Engl J Med. 2024 Sep 26;391(12):1096-107.[Abstract]

97. Luchetti M, Ferrero F, Gallini C, et al. Multicenter, randomized, controlled study of porcine surfactant in severe respiratory syncytial virus-induced respiratory failure. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2002 Jul;3(3):261-8.[Abstract]

98. Tibby SM, Hatherill M, Wright SM, et al. Exogenous surfactant supplementation in infants with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Oct;162(4 Pt 1):1251-6.[Abstract]

99. Barreira ER, Precioso AR, Bousso A. Pulmonary surfactant in respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: the role in pathogenesis and clinical implications. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2011 May;46(5):415-20.[Abstract]

100. Jat KR, Chawla D. Surfactant therapy for bronchiolitis in critically ill infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Aug 24;(8):CD009194.[Abstract][Full Text]

101. Martinon-Torres F, Rodriguez-Nunez A, Martinon-Sanchez JM. Heliox therapy in infants with acute bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2002 Jan;109(1):68-73.[Abstract]

102. Liet JM, Ducruet T, Gupta V, et al. Heliox inhalation therapy for bronchiolitis in infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 18;(9):CD006915.[Abstract][Full Text]

103. Kim IK, Phrampus E, Sikes K, et al. Helium-oxygen therapy for infants with bronchiolitis: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011 Dec;165(12):1115-22.[Abstract]

104. Chowdhury MM, McKenzie SA, Pearson CC, et al. Heliox therapy in bronchiolitis: phase III multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2013 Apr;131(4):661-9.[Abstract]

105. Amirav I, Luder AS, Kruger N, et al. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of montelukast for acute bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2008 Dec;122(6):e1249-55.[Abstract]

106. Kim CK, Choi J, Kim HB, et al. A randomized intervention of montelukast for post-bronchiolitis: effect on eosinophil degranulation. J Pediatr. 2010 May;156(5):749-54.[Abstract]

107. Bisgaard H, Flores-Nunez A, Goh A, et al. Study of montelukast for the treatment of respiratory symptoms of post-respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children. Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2008 Oct 15;178(8):854-60.[Abstract][Full Text]

108. Proesmans M, Sauer K, Govaere E, et al. Montelukast does not prevent reactive airway disease in young children hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis. Acta Paediatr. 2009 Nov;98(11):1830-4.[Abstract]

109. Zedan M, Gamil N, El-Assmy M, et al. Montelukast as an episodic modifier for acute viral bronchiolitis: a randomized trial. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2010 Mar-Apr;31(2):147-53.[Abstract]

110. Liu F, Ouyang J, Sharma AN, et al. Leukotriene inhibitors for bronchiolitis in infants and young children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Mar 16;(3):CD010636.[Abstract][Full Text]

111. Pérez-Gutiérrez F, Otárola-Escobar I, Arenas D. Are leukotriene inhibitors useful for bronchiolitis? Medwave. 2016 Dec 16;16(suppl 5):e6799.[Abstract]

112. Alansari K, Toaimah FH, Khalafalla H, et al. Caffeine for the treatment of apnea in bronchiolitis: a randomized trial. J Pediatr. 2016 Oct;177:204-11.e3.[Abstract]

113. Marchisio P, Consonni D, Baggi E, et al. Vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of acute otitis media in otitis-prone children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013 Oct;32(10):1055-60.[Abstract][Full Text]

114. Forno E, Bacharier LB, Phipatanakul W, et al. Effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on severe asthma exacerbations in children with asthma and low vitamin D levels: the VDKA randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2020 Aug 25;324(8):752-60.[Abstract][Full Text]

115. Zisi D, Challa A, Makis A. The association between vitamin D status and infectious diseases of the respiratory system in infancy and childhood. Hormones (Athens). 2019 Dec;18(4):353-63.[Abstract][Full Text]

116. Saad K, Abd Aziz NHR, El-Houfey AA, et al. Trial of vitamin D supplementation in infants with bronchiolitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol Pulmonol. 2015;28(2):102-6.[Full Text]

117. Mahyar A, Ayazi P, Ahmadi NK, et al. Zinc sulphate for acute bronchiolitis: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Infez Med. 2016 Dec 1;24(4):331-6.[Abstract]

118. Tal A, Greenberg D, Av-Gay Y, et al. Nitric oxide inhalations in bronchiolitis: a pilot, randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2018 Jan;53(1):95-102.[Abstract]

119. Goldbart A, Golan-Tripto I, Pillar G, et al. Inhaled nitric oxide therapy in acute bronchiolitis: a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep. 2020 Jun 15;10(1):9605.[Abstract][Full Text]

120. Zhou Y, Bacharier LB, Isaacson-Schmid M, et al. Azithromycin therapy during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: upper airway microbiome alterations and subsequent recurrent wheeze. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Oct;138(4):1215-9.[Abstract][Full Text]

121. Shang X, Liabsuetrakul T, Sangsupawanich P, et al. Efficacy and safety of Laggera pterodonta in children 3-24 months with acute bronchiolitis: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Respir J. 2017 May;11(3):296-304.[Abstract]

122. Sigurs N, Gustafsson PM, Bjarnason R, et al. Severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy and asthma and allergy at age 13. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Jan 15;171(2):137-41.[Abstract][Full Text]

123. Wu P, Dupont WD, Griffin MR, et al. Evidence of a causal role of winter virus infection during infancy in early childhood asthma. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008 Dec 1;178(11):1123-9.[Abstract]

124. Thomsen SF, van der Sluis S, Stensballe LG, et al. Exploring the association between severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and asthma: a registry-based twin study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 Jun 15;179(12):1091-7.[Abstract]