Vascular dementia - Symptoms, Causes, Images, and Treatment Options

Diseases

Highlights & Basics

Key Highlights

Vascular dementia is characterized by a chronic progressive multifaceted impairment of cognitive function.
Loss of brain parenchyma is predominantly from cerebrovascular causes such as infarction and small-vessel changes.
Vascular dementia is the second most common cause of dementia in older people.
A large overlap exists with Alzheimer dementia and many patients have a mixed form of dementia.
Early aggressive treatment of vascular risk factors is suggested in order to prevent further cerebrovascular disease. Supportive care and management of behavioral and psychological symptoms are also important. Treatments aimed at improving cognitive symptoms have shown no clear benefit.

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Definition

Epidemiology

Etiology

Pathophysiology

Citations

Key Articles

Bowler JV. Modern concept of vascular cognitive impairment. Br Med Bull. 2007;83:291-305.[Abstract]
Hachinski V, Iadecola C, Petersen RC, et al. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - Canadian Stroke Network vascular cognitive impairment harmonization standards. Stroke. 2006 Sep;37(9):2220-41.[Abstract][Full Text]
Perneczky R, Tene O, Attems J, et al. Is the time ripe for new diagnostic criteria of cognitive impairment due to cerebrovascular disease? Consensus report of the International Congress on Vascular Dementia working group. BMC Med. 2016 Nov 3;14(1):162.[Abstract][Full Text]
Kernan WN, Ovbiagele B, Black HR, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke and transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014 Jul;45(7):2160-236.[Abstract][Full Text]

Referenced Articles

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