Highlights & Basics
- Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes.
- People with diabetes have up to a fourfold increased risk of stroke and are twice as likely to die after myocardial infarction than people without diabetes.
- Regular physical activity, medical nutrition therapy, and smoking cessation or non-initiation are important lifestyle changes for the primary prevention of CVD.
- Selected glucose-lowering drugs reduce all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Addition of a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor or a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist is strongly recommended in patients with established atherosclerotic CV and/or chronic kidney disease. SGLT2 inhibitors are also indicated in patients with heart failure.
- Aggressive treatment of hypertension, use of lipid-lowering therapy, preventive anticoagulation, and coronary revascularization (percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or coronary artery bypass graft surgery during episodes of acute coronary syndrome) can lead to improved survival.
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Citations
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