Breast cancer in situ - Symptoms, Causes, Images, and Treatment Options

Diseases

Highlights & Basics

Key Highlights

Breast cancer in situ comprises ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a noninvasive breast cancer that is confined to the duct in which it originates, and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). There are three subtypes of LCIS: classical (which acts clinically as a neoplastic proliferation of cells that is a risk factor for invasive breast cancer), pleomorphic, and florid.
Typically asymptomatic and diagnosed at screening.
US guidelines typically recommend offering regular (annual or biennial) bilateral mammography screening to average-risk women starting at age 40 years.
Diagnosis is with mammography, supplemented with other imaging, such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging, and biopsy.
Treatment of low-risk DCIS is usually lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery) followed by radiation therapy. Pleomorphic and florid LCIS should be managed like DCIS. Classical LCIS is often managed conservatively.

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Epidemiology

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Citations

Key Articles

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: breast cancer risk reduction [internet publication].[Full Text]
National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: breast cancer [internet publication].[Full Text]
Loibl S, André F, Bachelot T, et al. Early breast cancer: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2024 Feb;35(2):159-82.[Full Text]
Morrow M, Van Zee KJ, Solin LJ, et al. Society of Surgical Oncology-American Society for Radiation Oncology-American Society of Clinical Oncology consensus guideline on margins for breast-conserving surgery with whole-breast irradiation in ductal carcinoma in situ. J Clin Oncol. 2016 Nov 20;34(33):4040-6. [Reaffirmed 2019.][Abstract][Full Text]

Other Online Resources

National Cancer Institute: breast cancer risk assessment tool

Referenced Articles

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