Patent ductus arteriosus - Symptoms, Causes, Images, and Treatment Options

Diseases

Highlights & Basics

Key Highlights

The ductus arteriosus is a vascular fetal structure that usually closes in the first 48 hours after birth; a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) occurs when it fails to close.
Persistence of the ductus arteriosus can result in heart failure, increased pulmonary pressures, and endarteritis.
The incidence and sequelae of a PDA are more significant in premature infants than infants born at full-term.
Clinical history and presentation can vary significantly depending on age of the child and the size of the ductus. Patients may be entirely asymptomatic or have signs and symptoms of heart failure and hemodynamic instability.
Treatment options vary depending on the age of the patient and the size of the ductus. Practice may vary significantly between institutions.

Lateral angiogram of 1-year-old child demonstrates flow of contrast from the aorta through a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) to the pulmonary circulation

Nelangi M. Pinto, MD; used with permission

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History & Exam
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Diagnostics Tests
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Definition

Epidemiology

Etiology

Pathophysiology

Images

Echo of a 26-week premature infant demonstrates color Doppler flow from the systemic circulation (aorta) through the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) to the left pulmonary artery
Lateral angiogram of 1-year-old child demonstrates flow of contrast from the aorta through a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) to the pulmonary circulation

Citations

Key Articles

Baumgartner H, De Backer J, Babu-Narayan SV, et al. 2020 ESC guidelines for the management of adult congenital heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2021 Feb 11;42(6):563-645.[Full Text]
Hamrick SEG, Sallmon H, Rose AT, et al. Patent ductus arteriosus of the preterm infant. Pediatrics. 2020 Nov;146(5):e20201209.[Abstract][Full Text]
Wilson WR, Gewitz M, Lockhart PB, et al. Prevention of viridans group streptococcal infective endocarditis: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 May 18;143(20):e963-78.[Abstract][Full Text]
Stout KK, Daniels CJ, Aboulhosn JA, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Apr 2;73(12):1494-563.[Abstract][Full Text]
John AS, Jackson JL, Moons P, et al. Advances in managing transition to adulthood for adolescents with congenital heart disease: a practical approach to transition program design: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. J Am Heart Assoc. 2022 Apr 5;11(7):e025278.[Abstract][Full Text]

Referenced Articles

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