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34. Ricardo AC, Yang W, Sha D, et al. Sex-Related Disparities in CKD Progression. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019 Jan;30(1):137-146.[Abstract][Full Text]

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37. Nashar K, Fried LF. Hyperuricemia and the progression of chronic kidney disease: is uric acid a marker or an independent risk factor? Adv Chronic Kidney Dis. 2012 Nov;19(6):386-91.[Abstract]

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47. Khanna R. Clinical presentation & management of glomerular diseases: hematuria, nephritic & nephrotic syndrome. Mo Med. 2011 Jan-Feb;108(1):33-6.[Abstract][Full Text]

48. Delgado C, Baweja M, Crews DC, et al. A unifying approach for GFR estimation: recommendations of the NKF-ASN task force on reassessing the inclusion of race in diagnosing kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2022 Feb;79(2):268-88.e1.[Abstract][Full Text]

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50. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management. 2021 [internet publication]. [Full Text]

51. Levey AS, Gansevoort RT, Coresh J, et al. Change in albuminuria and GFR as end points for clinical trials in early stages of CKD: a scientific workshop sponsored by the National Kidney Foundation in Collaboration with the US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency. Am J Kidney Dis. 2020 Jan;75(1):84-104.[Abstract][Full Text]

52. Expert Panel on Urologic Imaging., Wong-You-Cheong JJ, Nikolaidis P, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Renal Failure. J Am Coll Radiol. 2021 May;18(5s):S174-S188.[Abstract][Full Text]

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54. Lee J, Nicholl DD, Ahmed SB, et al. The prevalence of restless legs syndrome across the full spectrum of kidney disease. J Clin Sleep Med. 2013 May 15;9(5):455-9.[Abstract][Full Text]

55. Matsushita K, Mahmoudi BK, Woodward M, et al. Comparison of risk prediction using the CKD-EPI equation and the MDRD study equation for estimated glomerular filtration rate. JAMA. 2012 May 9;307(18):1941-51.[Abstract][Full Text]

56. Montañés Bermúdez R, Gràcia García S, Pérez Surribas D, et al. Consensus document. Recommendations on assessing proteinuria during the diagnosis and follow-up of chronic kidney disease. Nefrologia. 2011;31(3):331-45.[Abstract][Full Text]

57. Davenport MS, Perazella MA, Yee J, et al. Use of intravenous iodinated contrast media in patients with kidney disease: consensus statements from the American College of Radiology and the National Kidney Foundation. Radiology. 2020 Mar;294(3):660-8.[Abstract][Full Text]

58. Woolen SA, Shankar PR, Gagnier JJ, et al. Risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in patients with stage 4 or 5 chronic kidney disease receiving a group II gadolinium-based contrast agent: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2019 Dec 9;180(2):223-30.[Abstract]

59. Shlipak MG, Tummalapalli SL, Boulware LE, et al. The case for early identification and intervention of chronic kidney disease: conclusions from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Controversies Conference. Kidney Int. 2021 Jan;99(1):34-47.[Abstract][Full Text]

60. Collins AJ, Gilbertson DT, Snyder JJ, et al. Chronic kidney disease awareness, screening and prevention: rationale for the design of a public education program. Nephrology (Carlton). 2010 Jun;15(suppl 2):37-42.[Abstract][Full Text]

61. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. 11. Chronic kidney disease and risk management: Standards of Care in Diabetes - 2024. Diabetes Care. 2024 Jan 1;47(suppl 1):S219-30.[Abstract][Full Text]

62. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Blood Pressure Work Group. KDIGO 2021 clinical practice guideline for the management of blood pressure in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 2021 Mar;99(3S):S1-87. [Abstract][Full Text]

63. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Jafar TH, Nitsch D, et al. Chronic kidney disease. Lancet. 2021 Aug 28;398(10302):786-802.[Abstract]

64. Heerspink HJL, Stefánsson BV, Correa-Rotter R, et al. Dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2020 Oct 8;383(15):1436-46.[Abstract][Full Text]

65. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). KDIGO clinical practice guideline for lipid management in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013 Nov;3(3):259-303.[Full Text]

66. Baigent C, Landray MJ, Reith C, et al. The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with simvastatin plus ezetimibe in patients with chronic kidney disease (Study of Heart and Renal Protection): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2011 Jun 25;377(9784):2181-92.[Abstract][Full Text]

67. Fox CS, Matsushita K, Woodward M, et al. Associations of kidney disease measures with mortality and end-stage renal disease in individuals with and without diabetes: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2012 Nov 10;380(9854):1662-73.[Abstract][Full Text]

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71. Zelniker TA, Wiviott SD, Raz I, et al. Comparison of the effects of glucagon-like peptide receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors for prevention of major adverse cardiovascular and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Circulation. 2019 Apr 23;139(17):2022-31.[Abstract][Full Text]

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73. de Boer IH, Khunti K, Sadusky T, et al. Diabetes management in chronic kidney disease: a consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Kidney Int. 2022 Nov;102(5):974-89.[Abstract][Full Text]

74. Neuen BL, Young T, Heerspink HJL, et al. SGLT2 inhibitors for the prevention of kidney failure in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019 Nov;7(11):845-54.[Abstract]

75. Perkovic V, Jardine MJ, Neal B, et al. Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jun 13;380(24):2295-306.[Abstract]

76. Alicic RZ, Neumiller JJ, Johnson EJ, et al. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition and diabetic kidney disease. Diabetes. 2019 Feb;68(2):248-57. [Erratum in: Diabetes. 2019 May;68(5):1094.][Abstract][Full Text]

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79. Kristensen SL, Rørth R, Jhund PS, et al. Cardiovascular, mortality, and kidney outcomes with GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2019 Oct;7(10):776-85.[Abstract]

80. Perkovic V, Tuttle KR, Rossing P, et al. Effects of semaglutide on chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2024 Jul 11;391(2):109-21.[Abstract]

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83. Bakris GL, Agarwal R, Anker SD, et al. Effect of finerenone on chronic kidney disease outcomes in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 3;383(23):2219-29.[Abstract][Full Text]

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87. Ku E, Sarnak MJ, Toto R, et al. Effect of blood pressure control on long-term risk of end-stage renal disease and death among subgroups of patients with chronic kidney disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 Aug 20;8(16):e012749.[Abstract][Full Text]

88. Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Clarke WR, et al. Renoprotective effect of the angiotensin-receptor antagonist irbesartan in patients with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2001 Sep 20;345(12):851-60.[Abstract][Full Text]

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92. Navaneethan SD, Hegbrant J, Strippoli GF. Role of statins in preventing adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2011 Mar;20(2):146-52.[Abstract]

93. Jablonski KL, Chonchol M. Cardiovascular disease: should statin therapy be expanded in patients with CKD? Nat Rev Nephrol. 2012 Jul 3;8(8):440-1.[Abstract]

94. Palmer SC, Craig JC, Navaneethan SD, et al. Benefits and harms of statin therapy for persons with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2012 Aug 21;157(4):263-75.[Abstract][Full Text]

95. Upadhyay A, Earley A, Lamont JL, et al. Lipid-lowering therapy in persons with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2012 Aug 21;157(4):251-62.[Abstract]

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97. Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, et al. HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for dialysis patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Sep 11;(9):CD004289.[Abstract][Full Text]

98. Bakris GL, Weir MR, Secic M, et al. Differential effects of calcium antagonist subclasses on markers of nephropathy progression. Kidney Int. 2004 Jun;65(6):1991-2002.[Abstract]

99. Johns TS, Yee J, Smith-Jules T, et al. Interdisciplinary care clinics in chronic kidney disease. BMC Nephrol. 2015 Oct 12;16:161.[Abstract][Full Text]

100. Shukla AM, Hinkamp C, Segal E, et al. What do the US advanced kidney disease patients want? Comprehensive pre-ESRD patient education (CPE) and choice of dialysis modality. PLoS One. 2019 Apr 9;14(4):e0215091.[Abstract][Full Text]

101. Easom AM, Shukla AM, Rotaru D, et al. Home run - results of a chronic kidney disease Telemedicine Patient Education Study. Clin Kidney J. 2019 Aug 22;13(5):867-72.[Abstract][Full Text]

102. KDIGO Anemia Work Group. KDIGO clinical practice guideline for anemia in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2012 Aug;2(4):279-335.[Full Text]

103. Singh AK, Szczech L, Tang KL, et al. Correction of anemia with epoetin alfa in chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2006 Nov 16;355(20):2085-98.[Abstract]

104. Drüeke TB, Locatelli F, Clyne N, et al; CREATE Investigators. Normalization of hemoglobin level in patients with chronic kidney disease and anemia. N Engl J Med. 2006 Nov 16;355(20):2071-84.[Abstract]

105. Pfeffer MA, Burdmann EA, Chen CY, et al. A trial of darbepoetin alfa in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2009 Nov 19;361(21):2019-32.[Abstract]

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107. Koulouridis I, Alfayez M, Trikalinos TA, et al. Dose of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and adverse outcomes in CKD: a metaregression analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2013 Jan;61(1):44-56.[Abstract]

108. Wilhelm-Leen ER, Winkelmayer WC. Mortality risk of darbepoetin alfa versus epoetin alfa in patients with CKD: systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2015 Jul;66(1):69-74.[Abstract]

109. O'Lone EL, Hodson EM, Nistor I, et al. Parenteral versus oral iron therapy for adults and children with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Feb 21;(2):CD007857.[Abstract][Full Text]

110. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD-MBD Work Group. KDIGO 2017 clinical practice guideline update for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Kidney Int Suppl. 2017 Jul;7(1):1-59.[Full Text]

111. Coyne DW, Goldberg S, Faber M, et al. A randomized multicenter trial of paricalcitol versus calcitriol for secondary hyperparathyroidism in stages 3-4 CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Sep 5;9(9):1620-6.[Abstract][Full Text]

112. Jamal SA, Vandermeer B, Raggi P, et al. Effect of calcium-based versus non-calcium-based phosphate binders on mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2013 Oct 12;382(9900):1268-77.[Abstract]

113. Shukla AM, Easom A, Singh M, et al. Effects of a comprehensive predialysis education program on the home dialysis therapies: a retrospective cohort study. Perit Dial Int. 2017 Sep-Oct;37(5):542-7.[Abstract]

114. Association for Vascular Access, American Society of Diagnostic and Interventional Nephrology. Preservation of peripheral veins in patients with chronic kidney disease. Mar 2011 [internet publication].[Full Text]

115. Hultin S, Hood C, Campbell KL, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis on effects of bicarbonate therapy on kidney outcomes. Kidney Int Rep. 2021 Mar;6(3):695-705.[Abstract][Full Text]

116. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Cinacalcet for the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with end-stage renal disease on maintenance dialysis therapy. Jan 2007 [internet publication].[Full Text]

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120. Blake PG, Bargman JM, Brimble KS, et al; Canadian Society of Nephrology Work Group on Adequacy of Peritoneal Dialysis. Clinical practice guidelines and recommendations on peritoneal dialysis adequacy 2011. Perit Dial Int. 2011 Mar-Apr;31(2):218-39.[Abstract]

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122. Hahn D, Hodson EM, Fouque D. Low protein diets for non-diabetic adults with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Oct 29;(10):CD001892.[Abstract][Full Text]

123. Clase CM, Smyth A. Chronic kidney disease: diet. BMJ Clin Evid. 2015 Jun 29;2015:2004.[Abstract][Full Text]

124. Segura J, García-Donaire JA, Ruilope LM. Calcium channel blockers and renal protection: insights from the latest clinical trials. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005 Mar;16 Suppl 1:S64-6.[Abstract][Full Text]

125. Macdougall IC, Strauss WE, McLaughlin J, et al. A randomized comparison of ferumoxytol and iron sucrose for treating iron deficiency anemia in patients with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014 Apr;9(4):705-12.[Abstract][Full Text]

126. Liu Z, Su G, Guo X, et al. Dietary interventions for mineral and bone disorder in people with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 16;(9):CD010350.[Abstract][Full Text]

127. Ashby D, Borman N, Burton J, et al. Renal Association clinical practice guideline on haemodialysis. BMC Nephrol. 2019 Oct 17;20(1):379.[Abstract][Full Text]

128. Chen N, Hao C, Peng X, et al. Roxadustat for anemia in patients with kidney disease not receiving dialysis. N Engl J Med. 2019 Sep 12;381(11):1001-10.[Abstract][Full Text]

129. Chen N, Hao C, Liu BC, et al. Roxadustat treatment for anemia in patients undergoing long-term dialysis. N Engl J Med. 2019 Sep 12;381(11):1011-22.[Abstract][Full Text]

130. Zheng Q, Yang H, Fu X, et al. The efficacy and safety of roxadustat for anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease: a meta-analysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2021 Aug 27;36(9):1603-15.[Abstract]

131. Singh AK, Carroll K, McMurray JJV, et al. Daprodustat for the treatment of anemia in patients not undergoing dialysis. N Engl J Med. 2021 Nov 5 [Epub ahead of print].[Abstract]

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