Wilms tumor - Symptoms, Causes, Images, and Treatment Options

Diseases

Highlights & Basics

Key Highlights

Wilms tumor is the most common renal malignancy in children.
Usually presents as a unilateral (approximately 95%), painless, abdominal/flank mass in a young child (age <5 years).
Treatment generally includes surgical resection and chemotherapy, with or without radiation therapy, depending on the stage, histology, and biology of the tumor.
Bilateral disease is more prevalent in patients with a Wilms tumor predisposition syndrome. Metastatic disease occurs in approximately 21% of patients.
Long-term survival exceeds 90% overall; certain subgroups (such as those with diffuse anaplasia or relapse) have a worse prognosis.

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Definition

Epidemiology

Etiology

Pathophysiology

Citations

Key Articles

Spreafico F, Fernandez CV, Brok J, et al. Wilms tumour. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021 Oct 14;7(1):75.[Abstract][Full Text]
Geller JI, Hong AL, Vallance KL, et al. Children's Oncology Group's 2023 blueprint for research: renal tumors. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2023 Sep;70 Suppl 6(suppl 6):e30586.[Abstract][Full Text]
Lopyan NM, Ehrlich PF. Surgical management of Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) and renal cell carcinoma in children and young adults. Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2021 Apr;30(2):305-23.[Abstract]
Vujanić GM, Parsons LN, D'Hooghe E, et al. Pathology of Wilms' tumour in International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) and Children's Oncology Group (COG) renal tumour studies: similarities and differences. Histopathology. 2022 Jun;80(7):1026-37.[Abstract]
van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Hol JA, Pritchard-Jones K, et al. Position paper: rationale for the treatment of Wilms tumour in the UMBRELLA SIOP-RTSG 2016 protocol. Nat Rev Urol. 2017 Dec;14(12):743-52.[Abstract][Full Text]

Referenced Articles

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