JAMA Ophthalmol

GLP-1 RAs may cut risk of uveitis

September 4, 2025

GLP-1RAs may offer anti-inflammatory benefits beyond glycemic control. Their potential role in reducing ocular inflammation could inform future therapeutic strategies for autoimmune eye conditions such as uveitis.

Study details: A large retrospective cohort study using TriNetX electronic health records (2006–2025) examined the association between GLP-1 RAs and noninfectious uveitis. Researchers analyzed data from 516,052 patients—half prescribed GLP-1 RAs and half matched controls—adjusting for demographics, comorbidities, and diabetes-related variables using propensity score matching.

Results: GLP-1 RA use was associated with a 52% lower risk of developing uveitis (risk ratio [RR], 0.48). This protective effect was consistent across patients with and without T2DM. Compared with metformin and insulin users, GLP-1 RA prescriptions were associated with greater protection against uveitis (RRs, 0.58 and 0.57, respectively). However, GLP-1 RAs were associated with a modestly higher risk of developing uveitis compared with SGLT2 inhibitors (RR, 1.17). Patients prescribed SGLT2 inhibitors had a lower risk of uveitis compared with controls (RR 0.52).

Source:

Mohan N, et al. (2025, August 28). JAMA Ophthalmol. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Uveitis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40875223/