Eur Urol Oncol

Multivitamin use linked to lower prostate cancer recurrence risk

June 3, 2025

Study details: This prospective cohort study analyzed 1,396 men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer from the CaPSURE registry who underwent radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy between 1999 and 2018. Postdiagnostic multivitamin (MV) use was assessed via questionnaire prior to any recurrence. The primary outcome was prostate cancer recurrence, defined as biochemical recurrence or initiation of secondary treatment. Multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors.

Results: At baseline, 62% were current MV users, 16% past users, and 22% never users. Over a median follow-up of 4.7 years, 119 recurrence events occurred. Current MV use was associated with a significantly lower risk of recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.33–0.78). The protective association was strongest in men with higher-grade disease (Gleason ≥3+4: HR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.13–0.55), but not significant in those with Gleason 3+3.

Clinical impact: MV use after prostate cancer diagnosis may be associated with reduced recurrence risk, particularly in patients with intermediate- or high-grade prostate cancer. While promising, these results warrant validation in randomized trials before clinical recommendations can be made.

Source:

Shee K, et al. (2025, May 6). Eur Urol Oncol. Multivitamin Use After Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Is Associated with Lower Risk of Recurrence: A Prospective Cohort Study from the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE). https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40335395/