JAMA
Certain endometriosis subtypes associated with especially high risk of ovarian cancer
Women with endometriosis, particularly those with ovarian endometriomas and/or deep infiltrating endometriosis, have a markedly increased ovarian cancer risk and may thus benefit from targeted cancer screening and prevention studies.
This Utah-based population-based cohort study matched 78,893 women with endometriosis in a 1:5 ratio to women without endometriosis. Cases were identified via EHR data and categorized as superficial endometriosis, ovarian endometriomas, deep infiltrating endometriosis, or other. Mean age at first endometriosis diagnosis was 36 years. There were 597 women with ovarian cancer.
Women with endometriosis had higher risk of ovarian cancer compared with those without endometriosis (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 4.20; 95% CI, 3.59-4.91). Risk of type I ovarian cancer was especially high (aHR, 7.48; 95% CI, 5.80-9.6). Ovarian cancer risk was highest in women with deep infiltrating endometriosis and/or ovarian endometriomas for all ovarian cancers (aHR, 9.66; 95% CI, 7.77-12.00), type I ovarian cancer (aHR, 18.96; 95% CI, 13.78-26.08), and type II ovarian cancer (aHR, 3.72; 95% CI, 2.31-5.98).
Source:
Barnard ME, at al. (2024, July 17). JAMA. Endometriosis Typology and Ovarian Cancer Risk. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39018030/