Zebra of the Week: Hypoaldosteronism

Hypoaldosteronism, described as either hyporeninemic or hyperreninemic, is a condition characterized by the deficiency or impaired function of the hormone aldosterone. Symptoms include hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis as well as muscle weakness, nausea, palpitations, arrhythmias, and abnormal BP. Individuals with DM, kidney disease, primary adrenal insufficiency, lead poisoning, or severe illness can develop it. Hypoaldosteronism can also be caused by NSAIDs, heparin, or heart failure medications. Rare forms of congenital hypoaldosteronism also occur.